Shape
Notice the length, angle, and curve. A small difference can change the balance of the whole character.
THE ART OF CHINESE WRITING
Meet the building blocks of Chinese handwriting. Learn their shapes, understand their names, and turn a collection of lines into confident, balanced characters.
Héng
Shù
Piě
Nà
Diǎn
Tí
Look closely. Write slowly. Find your rhythm.
FIRST, THE IDEA
A stroke is a continuous movement made without lifting the pen. It may be a straight line, a curve, or a sequence of connected turns.
A corner does not always mean a new stroke. In 口 (kǒu, “mouth”), the top and right edges are written together as 横折, a horizontal turn. Learning to see these connected movements makes characters easier to understand.
Notice the length, angle, and curve. A small difference can change the balance of the whole character.
Find the starting point and follow the movement. A rising stroke and a falling stroke travel in different directions.
Look for turns, bends, and hooks. Connected segments can belong to a single stroke.
LEARN THE MOVEMENT
Start here before adding hooks and turns. Choose a stroke to see a simple direction guide, then try the movement on paper.
Left → right
Move from left to right. Keep the line steady and the two ends balanced.
Find it in一
The open circle marks the start. These stroke shapes use the same writing style as the atlas below.
THE STROKE ATLAS
Explore all 38 forms in this guide, from a simple horizontal line to a sequence of turns and hooks.
Showing 38 of 38 strokes
Use the copy button to keep a stroke symbol.
Héng
Horizontal
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Move from left to right. Keep the line steady and the two ends balanced.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Tí
Rising
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Begin at the lower left and move up to the right. Finish with a light, pointed tip.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Héng Gōu
Horizontal hook
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Travel to the right, pause at the end, then make a short hook down and left.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Héng Piě
Horizontal–left falling
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Move right, then turn into a downward sweep toward the left. Keep the turn connected.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Héng Zhé
Horizontal turn
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Write across, pause at the corner, then move downward without lifting your pen.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Héng Zhé Gōu
Horizontal turn with hook
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Move right, turn down, and finish with a small upward hook toward the left.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Héng Zhé Tí
Horizontal turn–rising
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Write across, turn downward, then finish with a short rising movement to the right.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Héng Zhé Zhé
Horizontal double turn
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Follow the horizontal opening through two connected changes of direction. Distinguish each corner.
In characters · 2 examplesTarget stroke
This less common form has 2 illustrated examples in this guide.
Héng Zhé Wān
Horizontal turn–bend
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Start across, turn down, then round the lower bend. Let the curved section flow smoothly.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Héng Zhé Wān Gōu
Horizontal turn–bend–hook
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Write across and down, curve to the right, then finish with a short upward hook.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Héng Xié Gōu
Horizontal slanting hook
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Start horizontally, continue along a slanted downward curve, then hook upward at the end.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Héng Xié Wān Gōu
Horizontal slant–bend–hook
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Connect the horizontal start to a slanted bend. Keep the final hook distinct from the curve.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Héng Zhé Zhé Zhé
Horizontal triple turn
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Begin with a horizontal line and follow three connected turns. Plan the space for every segment.
In characters · 1 examplesTarget stroke
This less common form has 1 illustrated example in this guide.
Héng Zhé Zhé Piě
Horizontal double turn–left falling
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Follow the horizontal opening through two turns, then taper the final sweep toward the lower left.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Héng Piě Wān Gōu
Horizontal–left falling–bend–hook
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Move across, fall to the left, round the bend, and finish with a hook. Keep the entire sequence connected.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Héng Zhé Zhé Zhé Gōu
Horizontal triple turn with hook
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Keep three successive turns compact, then finish with a hook. Trace the route before writing it.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Shù
Vertical
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Move from top to bottom. Keep the stroke upright and control its length.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Shù Gōu
Vertical hook
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Write downward, pause near the bottom, then flick a short hook toward the upper left.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Shù Tí
Vertical–rising
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Move down first, then change direction into a short rising stroke to the right.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Shù Zhé
Vertical turn
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Start downward and turn right at the bottom. Make one continuous stroke with a clear corner.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Shù Wān
Vertical bend
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Move down, then curve smoothly to the right. A rounded bend has a different feel from a sharp turn.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Shù Wān Zuǒ
Vertical bend to the left
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Begin vertically, then bend toward the left. Watch the direction of the lower curve.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
This traditional form descends, then bends to the left. The red highlight includes the complete bend.
Shù Wān Gōu
Vertical bend with hook
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Move down, round the bend to the right, then finish with a small upward hook.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Shù Zhé Zhé
Vertical double turn
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Begin downward and connect two changes of direction. Keep both turns within the character’s space.
In characters · 5 examplesTarget stroke
This less common form has 5 illustrated examples in this guide.
Shù Zhé Piě
Vertical turn–left falling
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Begin vertically, make a turn, and finish with a left-falling sweep. Keep the final diagonal clear.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Shù Zhé Wān Gōu
Vertical turn–bend–hook
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Connect the vertical opening, angular turn, curved section, and final hook as one movement.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Piě
Left falling
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Begin at the upper right and sweep toward the lower left. Gradually lighten the ending.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Shù Piě
Vertical–left falling
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Begin with a near-vertical descent, then let the stroke sweep toward the lower left.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Piě Gōu
Left-falling hook
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Follow a left-falling stroke and finish with a short hooked movement. Pay attention to the final tip.
In characters Target stroke
This rare form has no verified character examples in this guide. The animation is a direction sketch.
Piě Zhé
Left falling–turn
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Sweep down and left, then turn toward the right. Keep the second segment attached to the first.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Piě Diǎn
Left falling–dot
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Move down and left, then change direction into a short dot-like descent to the right.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Diǎn
Dot
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Make a short, controlled mark. Give it a direction and shape rather than treating it as a round spot.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Nà
Right falling
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Sweep down toward the right, gradually broaden the stroke, then lighten the final tip.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Tí Nà
Rising–right falling
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Connect a rising opening to a right-falling finish. The shape can vary with the character and typeface.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Xié Gōu
Slanting hook
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Follow a long slanting curve down and right, then finish with a short upward hook.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Biǎn Xié Gōu
Flat slanting hook
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Keep the curve low and broad, then turn upward at the end. Compare the wide shape with other hooks.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
The hook can appear rounder in printed characters than in regular-script handwriting.
Wān Gōu
Curved hook
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Follow a curved downward stroke and finish with a small hook. Avoid turning the curve into a straight line.
In characters · 6 examplesTarget stroke
Quān
Circle
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Follow a closed circular movement. It appears in 〇 (líng), the Chinese numeral zero.
In characters · 1 examplesTarget stroke
This less common form has 1 illustrated example in this guide.
〇 (líng) means zero and is written as one circular stroke.
This is a guide to the 38 forms in our collection, rather than an exhaustive list of every writing variant. Symbols follow the Unicode CJK Strokes reference; their appearance can vary between fonts. Character illustrations use Hanzi Writer Data (Arphic license). The open circle marks the animation’s starting point; isolated strokes are enlarged to make their movement easier to see.
READ THE NAME
Many compound names describe the route your pen follows. Read the parts in order, then join the movements without lifting.
横
Héng
Horizontal
折
Zhé
Turn
钩
Gōu
Hook
Together: 横折钩 · Héng Zhé Gōu. Move across, turn down, and finish with a hook. Three parts of the name describe a single stroke.
折 · Zhé — an angular change of direction.
弯 · Wān — a rounded bend or curve.
钩 · Gōu — a short hooked ending.
提 · Tí — a rising movement.
PUT IT INTO PRACTICE
Identify the starting point, main direction, and ending. Look at the whole stroke before moving your pen.
Write slowly enough to control the line. Pause at a turn without breaking a connected stroke into separate pieces.
Try 一 and 十 first, then 人 and 口. Compare the position and proportions of the strokes inside each character.
After a short row of practice, choose one detail to improve: angle, length, spacing, or the final tip.
Strokes are individual pen movements. Radicals are components used to organize characters in dictionaries; a radical can contain several strokes.
No. A horizontal line followed by a connected downward turn can form one stroke, such as 横折. Count pen lifts rather than corners.
Start with the six essentials, then explore common turns and hooks. The atlas is a reference to revisit as you meet new characters.
Shape and order are different. Common guidelines include top before bottom and left before right, but characters have exceptions. Use a character-specific stroke-order guide when practicing.
Print styles and handwriting styles can show different angles, curves, and endings. Use the symbol to recognize a form and the direction guide to understand its movement.
YOUR NEXT SMALL STEP
Make a worksheet with the characters you want to learn. Add pinyin, turn on stroke order, and give yourself room to practice.